Introduction
Acharya Hemchandracharya (1089 - 1172) was a Jain scholar. poet and polymath who wrote on grammar, philosophy, prosody, and contemporary history. Noted as a prodigy by his contemporaries, he gained the title KALIKALSARVAGYA, i.e., 'all-knowing of the Kali Yuga.'
He was born in Dhandhuka. Gujarat and was named CHANDRA DEV by his parents. At the age of 21. He was ordained as an acharya of the Shvetambar seat of Jainism and was given the name HEMCHANDRA. He was a prolific writer and wrote grammars of Sanskrit and Prakrit, poetics, the epic poem, etc.
During his lifetime, Gujarat was ruled by the CHALUKYA dynasty and he rose to prominence under the reign of SIDDHARAJ. He was an advisor to his successor KUMAR PAL. Under the influence of HEMCHANDRA ACHARYA, Jainism became the official religion Gujarat and the animal slaughter was banned.
This lesson narrates the important incident which led to HEMCHANDRA ACHARYA, writing his treatise on grammar and underlines the importance of academic excellence over material wealth.
Translation
SIDDHARAJ JAY SINGH conquered Malawi in the 12th century of the Era stared by VIKRAMADITYA. after the conquest JAYSINGH returned to ANAHILAPURA taking all the wealth of the king YASHOVARMA with him. With the wealth, even the library that was there had fallen into his possession. In this library, there were many incomparable treatises. Among them, one was also BHOJAVYAKARANAM (a work on grammar) famous by the name SARASWATIKANTHABHARANAM composed by king BHOJ.
Please Click Here to Watch an Explanation Video in Gujarati.
Ones SIDDHARAJ started thinking. He thought, "I secured the ownership of the wealth by conquering Malaw. I also got their library. But the kind of fame that BHOJ got by (his treatise) BHOJAVYAKARANAM has not been won by me. so I should do something like it by which my fame will also be like that of BHOJ."
Question - Answer
(1) When did SIDDHARAJ JAYSINGH get victory over Malaw?
Ans. SIDDHARAJ JAYSINGH got victory over Malaw in the twelfth century of Vikram Era.
(2) What did JAYSINGH achieve by getting victory over Malaw?
Ans. JAYSINGH got king YASHOVARMA wealth and his whole library by getting victory over Malaw.
(3) On account of what did BHOJ earn fame?
Ans. BHOJ became famous because he wrote a treatise called SARASWATIKANTHABHARAN which was work on grammar.
(4) What is the proportion of literature composed by HEMACHANDRACHARYA?
Ans. Literature composed by HEMACHANDRACHARYA consists of one lac verses.
Also, watch this video of Explanation.
Notes
(1) Hemchandracharya
Ans. Hemchandracharya was born in a village named Dhandhuka in the district Ahmadabad in 1145 of the era started by Vikramaditya. He was given the name CHANDRA DEV as an Acharya of Shvetambar seat of Jainism, he was given the name Hemchandracharya. He was a prolific writer and wrote on a variety of subjects.
(2) Siddharaj Jaysinha
Ans. Siddharaj Jaysinha was a king of the CHALUKYA dynasty who ruled Gujarat. He defeated king Bhoja of Malawa but he wanted to make Gujarat the center of learning like Malawa. So he requested Hemchandracharya to compose a treatise on grammar like the one composed by king Bhoja.
(3) Bhojavyakaranam
Ans. Siddharaj Jaysinha conquered the kingdom of Malaw in the twelve century of the era of Vikramaditya. Taking all the wealth of Yashovarma he returned to ANAHILAPURA. Along with wealth, he had also brought the collection of books in which a treatise on grammar composed by king Bhoja was also there. It was Called SARASWATIKANTHABHARAN and popularly known as BHOJAVYAKARANAM.
(4) Chalukyavanshotkirtan
Ans. This poetical work is unique. It is an epic poem of twofold nature. In every single verse on one side there are illustrations of the grammar rules and on the other side the development of the story of the CHALUKYA dynasty.
Short Question - Answer
(1) Where did JAYSINGH go after conquering Malaw?
Ans. After conquering Malaw, JAYSINGH came to ANHILAPUR carrying all the wealth of YASHOVARMA.
(2) From where did SIDDHARAJ JAYSINGH get the famous work of grammar composed by king BHOJ ?
Ans. SIDDHARAJ JAY SINGH got the work of grammar composed by king BHOJ along with the wealth of YASHOVARMA after he conquered Malawi.
(3) Who has composed SARASWATIKANTHABHARAN?
Ans. King BHOJ has composed the famous treatise on grammar called SARASWATIKANTHABHARAN.
(4) What was SIDDHARAJ JAYSINGH great desire to achieve? How did he express it before HEMACHANDRACHARYA?
Ans. It was SIDDHARAJ JAYSINGH great desire to obtain imperishable fame by creating a treatise like SARASWATIKANTHABHARAN composed by king BHOJ. He approached HEMACHANDRACHARYA and said, "If you compose a treatise of grammar like BHOJAVYAKARANAM, yours as well as mine fame will be immortal."
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