Introduction
MAHAKAVI BAN is considered to be one of the greatest among the writers of classical Sanskrit prose. His two prose works - (1) KADAMBARI and (2) HARSHACHARITAM are well known. As a literary work, KADAMBARI excels HARSHACHARITAM which is of prime importance to the historian of ancient India. In the present extract which is taken from the first UCHCHHAVAS of HARSHACHARITAM; lord BRAHMA is reprimanding the sage DURVASAS for having cursed SARASWATI. The sage had made a mistake by striking a discordant note while singing the hymn of SAMAVED which made SARASWATI laugh. but the greater mistake was giving in to anger and being unable to restrain it. lord BRAHMA describes the bad effects of losing one's temper which is relevant not only for ascetics but also for us.
Nowadays anger-management has become an important topic. after studying the lesson, read it loudly and you will appreciate the style of MAHAKAVI BAN. It reads like a powerful speech.
Please watch this explanation video in Gujarati Language Click Here.
Que-Ans
In the Sanskrit subject of GSEB of STD 10, There are some Important Questions and Answers for their board exams. Please read these all Questions and Answers given below.
(1) Whom did the DURVASA curse? why?
Ans. In this assemble of PITA MAHA BRAHMA, the hymns of SAMAVED were being sung by DURVASA and others. while chanting DURVASA quarreled with another rishi for some reason, and made mistake in chanting. goddess SARASWATI could not help laughing. this made the sage DURVASA angry and cursed SARASWATI.
(2) What are the religion and anger together compared to?
Ans. Religion and anger are like water and fire. They can never exist together. By nature these two are opposites. Water extinguishes fire (or when the fire is more powerful it evaporates water). Similarly, anger destroys religion. when a man gets angry, he ceases to be a religious person.
(3) Why did BRAHMA compare DURVASA with an actor?
Ans. An actor even disturbed in mind does the role of an ascetic. In the same way, DURVASA wearing the dress of a sage should be calm and quiet. He should be well-behaved. But getting angry he presented himself like an actor wearing the dress of an ascetic. So BRAHMA compared him with an actor - that too a bad actor.
(4) What does the author compare DURVASA costume and matted hair with? Why?
Ans. DURVASA matted hair and bark garments are not able to create an atmosphere of piety and peace. they have become a poisonous tree that destroys the people nearby. His angry behavior is as out of place as a necklace worn by a sage. The actor dressed as an ascetic has no restraint over his senses, nor had DURVASA. So his matted hair and dress are compared with (respectively) the roots and bark of a poisonous tree.
(5) What does BRAHMA say regarding forbearance?
Ans. PITA MAHA BRAHMA says to DURVASA, "Forbearance is the very root of all penance. when the intelligence is overpowered by anger, it notices the faults in others but turns blind towards one's own shortcomings and mistakes, the angry man is in a sense a blind man who cannot discriminate between what is proper and what is improper. There a world of difference between the ability to bear the power of severe penance and the tendency to find faults of others. "He urges DURVASA to forgive SARASWATI.
Also, watch this video in the Gujarati Language.
Write short Notes -
(1) Physical effects of the wrath
Ans. In the present from BANBHATT HARSHACHARITAM, the visible symptoms or the physical changes brought about y anger has been described in detail. Anger spoils the intellect and makes it unable to discriminate between what should be done and whats should not be done. At first, the learning of knowledge of an angry person is rendered ineffective. The attachment affects the sense of organs. His brow becomes dark and his eyes become red. first, the penance gets dropped then the drops of perspiration. first the reputation trembles and then the lips.
(2) BRAHMADEV rebuke to DURVASA.
Ans. The sage DURVASA made a mistake in chanting the hymns of SAMAVED which made Goddess SARASWATI laugh. The sage felt insulted and cursed her. lord BRAHMA criticized the sage sharply for losing the temper. He pointed out that forgiveness is the very root or base of all kinds of penance. anger makes one expert in detecting the faults of others and blinds towards one's own faults. The man overpowered by anger is actually blind despite having eyes. He also pointed out that anger and religiousness cannot coexist. The bark garments matted hair are meaningless if his mind is disturbed. finally, he urged DURVASA to forgive SARASWATI and make amends.
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